Over the last two decades, Rwanda has registered tremendous improvement in family planning (FP). The contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) in the country has tripled from 17% in 2005 to 53% in 2014-15

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Rwanda’s fertility rate declined slowly up to 2005 when the country initiated one of the fastest fertility declines in human history over a five year period. The total fertility rate fell markedly from 6.3 to 4.6 children per woman between 2005 and 2010, buoyed by an impressive increase in contraceptive use. However, the rate of decline decelerated between 2010 and 2015, with the fertility rate dropping by less than half a child to 4.2 births per woman. The infant mortality rate declined from 86 per 1000 live births to 32 per 1000 live births, while under five mortality rate declined from 152 to 50 deaths per 1,000 live births between 2005 and 2015.

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Rwanda is aiming at malaria pre-elimination by 2018, maximization of existing malaria preventive measures through active community participation is a high priority. Elimination of malaria should not be the responsibility of health professionals alone. Rather health professionals should work with the community to promote their participation in malaria elimination initiatives.

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Stroke deaths moved from the 7th (2009) to the 3rd (2019) place as a leading cause of mortality in Rwanda, counting for 5.1% of total deaths. Provider adherence to screening and treatment protocols can help to control hypertension and its complications in Rwanda.

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